EXCLUSIVE: UK sells $445m of arms to Israel, including sniper rifles
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Israeli soldiers reportedly cheered as snipers shot
unarmed Palestinian near the Gaza security fence (AFP)
Value of sales increase tenfold after 2014 Gaza war
amid warnings UK weapons,
including gear for snipers, could be used to kill
Palestinians
Britain has approved the sale of arms to Israel
worth $445m since the 2014 Gaza war, including components for drones, combat
aircraft and helicopters along with spare parts for sniper rifles, according to
figures seen by Middle East Eye.
The government data will raise fresh concerns that
British-made weapons are being used by the Israeli military in the Occupied
Territories, amid fears that components in sniper rifles used to kill scores of
Palestinian civilians in recent weeks could have been made in the UK.
Arms export licences to Israel soared to £216m, or
$300m at current exchange rates, last year from £20m in the wake of the Gaza
war, new Department for International Trade figures show.
They include a major £183m licence covering
"technology for military radars", but ministers have also approved
the sale for export of grenades, bombs, missiles, armoured vehicles, assault
rifles, small arms ammunition, sniper rifles and components for sniper rifles.
The value of arms approvals to Israel more than
doubled last year after £84m in sales in 2016, prompting campaigners to warn
that there is "little doubt" that UK-made weapons have been used in
the Occupied Palestinian Territories.
The Campaign Against the Arms Trade, or CAAT, which
compiled the figures, expressed concern that UK-made radar technology could be
used by Israeli jets and helicopters over the Occupied Territories.
However, it is the scale of small arms sales that
have prompted fears UK-made sniper rifle components and targeting scopes may
have been used by the Israeli military on the Gaza border.
A Palestinian holds tyres near Israel's Gaza
security fence. Israeli snipers had shoot-to-kill orders if civilians came near
the fence (Reuters)
British
weaponry, Israeli oppression
Labour MP Richard Burden, the chairman of the
British-Palestine group in Parliament, told MEE that given the risk of weapons
being used for "internal repression" in Gaza and the West Bank he was
"alarmed by the scale of UK arms exports to Israel in recent
years".
He added that he will be "pressing"
ministers to launch an investigation into whether UK arms have been used in
"the current Israeli military operations on the Gaza border".
Palestinian officials say at least 40 people have
been killed by Israeli forces since the start of a six-week protest at the
Israeli occupation, dubbed the Great March of Return, earlier this month.
The shootings prompted international outcry after
it emerged Israeli snipers who shot Palestinians had
positioned themselves alongside the Gaza security fence, with orders allowing
them to shoot unarmed Palestinians who came within 100 yards.
The violence prompted Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn to
call for a review of arms sales to Israel in a message condemning its
"illegal and inhumane" killing and wounding of "yet more unarmed
Palestinian protesters".
Corbyn also called for the UK to support calls for
a "independent and transparent" UN inquiry
into the shootings and called for a review of the sale of UK-made arms that
"could be used in violation of international law".
Government ministers, as well as senior Labour
figures including the shadow foreign secretary, Emily Thornberry, have argued
that Israel has a right to defend itself from military assault and
"terrorist attacks".
The Israeli military says it only fires in
self-defence and that its forces on the Gaza border were "identifying
attempts to carry out terror attacks under the camouflage of riots", but
campaign groups have labelled the shootings a "massacre".
The Israeli military did not respond to a request
for comment.
Campaigners have warned British weapons are being
used for internal repression by Israeli soldiers (AFP)
Andrew Smith, a spokesman for CAAT, told MEE:
"There is little doubt that UK equipment has been used against the people
of Gaza time and again, but that hasn't stopped successive governments from
licensing even more arms to the Israeli military.
"The appalling scenes we have seen over recent
weeks are yet another stark reminder of the repression and abuse that
Palestinians are living under every day. The response to protests hasn't just
been heavy-handed, it has been a massacre.
"By continuing to arm Israeli forces the UK
isn't just making itself complicit in future attacks, it is sending a message
of support for the collective punishment that has been inflicted.
"The situation is desperate, and the UK should
be working for a peaceful and just solution, not pushing arms sales which can
be used in abuses for years to come."
Israel has historically breached assurances given to ministers that UK-made
arms would not be used in the Occupied Territories.
Critics of the British arms trade say that the sale
of weapons to Israel also stands in stark contrast to Foreign Office warnings
in its most recent annual human rights report that Israel’s occupation
policies continue to violate the "human rights of Palestinians".
There is little doubt
that UK equipment has been used against the people of Gaza time and again
- Andrew Smith, CAAT
That report cited "punitive demolitions"
of homes belonging to the families of Palestinians suspected of perpetrating
attacks on Israelis.
Chris Doyle, the director of the Council for
Arab-British Understanding, or CAABU, told MEE it was an "outrage that
Britain is still selling such weaponry to a state that treats human life and
international law with such contempt".
Campaigners have also expressed alarm that some of
the weaponry approved for export, such as military radar, components
for fast jets and helicopter parts, is of the sort previously used by
Israeli forces in Gaza and the West Bank, including during the 2014 Gaza war -
dubbed "Operation Protective Edge" by Israel - and during the 2009
assault.
After the 2009 conflict - "Operation Cast
Lead" - the influential Commons committee on arms exports reported that
British arms exports "almost certainly" were used in the attack, in
direct contravention of the UK's policy that arms exports should not be used in
the Occupied Territories.
Britain sold Israel components for the US-made
Apache helicopter, which have been used inside Gaza (AFP)
British restrictions lifted
The then foreign secretary, David Miliband, said Israeli equipment used in the attack on Gaza
"almost certainly" contained British-supplied components, including
cockpit displays in US-made F-16 combat aircraft, and components for the fire
control and radar systems, navigation equipment and engine assemblies for
US-made Apache attack helicopters.
There were renewed calls for a halt to arms sales
during the Gaza conflict in 2014, which resulted in the deaths of more than
2,200 Palestinian and 76 Israelis. The then-prime minister, David Cameron, said
all export licences would be reviewed.
However, all restrictions on arms sales to Israel were dropped in 2015 following a 12-month review, in which
the government admitted UK-made weapons may have been used in the 2014
bombardment of Gaza.
Since then, MEE understands the government has made
no assessment of whether UK weapons have been used in the Occupied Territories,
and arms licences have soared.
A spokesman for the Department for International
Trade said the UK "takes its export control responsibilities very
seriously and operates one of the most robust export control regimes in the
world".
It added: "We rigorously examine every
application on a case-by-case basis against the Consolidated EU and National
Arms Export Licensing Criteria, with risks around human rights abuses being a
key part of that process.
"We will not grant a licence if doing so would
be inconsistent with these criteria and will suspend or revoke licences when
the level of risk changes."
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